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Welcome to Diphthongs! – Special vowel sounds exploration – What is a vowel? – Vowels are a, e, i, o, u, and sometimes y – Meet the diphthongs: oi, oy, ou, ow – Diphthongs are two vowels sounds in one syllable – Practice with fun examples – Like ‘coin’, ‘toy’, ‘out’, ‘cow’ | This slide introduces second graders to the concept of diphthongs, which are complex vowel sounds formed by the combination of two separate vowel sounds within the same syllable. Start by engaging the class with a question about vowels to assess their prior knowledge. Then, explain diphthongs using simple language and provide clear examples for each of the diphthongs oi, oy, ou, and ow. Encourage the students to repeat the sounds after you and think of other words that contain these sounds. Prepare a list of words with diphthongs for the students to practice reading aloud. This will help them recognize and pronounce diphthongs correctly in their reading and writing.

Exploring Diphthongs – Diphthongs combine two vowels – Like ‘oi’ in ‘boil’ or ‘oy’ in ‘toy’ – They glide to make a single sound – It’s like starting with one vowel sound and ending with another – ‘oi’ as in ‘coin’ – ‘ou’ in ‘cloud’, ‘oy’ in ‘toy’ – ‘ow’ as in ‘cow’ – ‘ow’ in ‘cow’, ‘ou’ in ‘out’ | Diphthongs are a key concept in phonics, helping students understand how vowel sounds can blend together to create unique sounds in words. When teaching diphthongs, it’s important to emphasize the gliding nature of the sound transition. Provide clear examples and encourage students to practice by identifying diphthongs in words they know. Use visual aids like word cards or illustrations to reinforce the concept. Have students practice by reading words with diphthongs out loud and identifying the two vowel sounds that make up the diphthong.

The ‘oi’ Sound in Words – ‘oi’ sound in ‘coin’ and ‘boil’ – Like ‘oil’, ‘join’, and ‘foil’ – Practice saying: /oi/ – Find other words with ‘oi’ – Think of ‘oi’ words and write them down – Listen for ‘oi’ in a story – We’ll read a story and spot ‘oi’ words together | This slide introduces the diphthong ‘oi’ and its sound as heard in common words such as ‘coin’ and ‘boil’. Start by having the class repeat the /oi/ sound several times to familiarize them with it. Then, engage the students by asking them to brainstorm other words that contain the ‘oi’ sound. Encourage them to write down any ‘oi’ words they can think of. To reinforce the lesson, read a story aloud to the class and have them listen for words with the ‘oi’ sound. This interactive approach helps students recognize the ‘oi’ sound in different words and contexts, enhancing their phonetic skills and vocabulary.

The ‘oy’ Sound in Words – ‘oy’ sound at word’s end – Practice with ‘toy’ and ‘joy’ – Repeat after me: ‘toy’, ‘joy’ – List more ‘oy’ words together – Think of words like ‘boy’, ‘royal’ – Understanding ‘oy’ usage – Learn when to use ‘oy’ in spelling | This slide is focused on teaching second-grade students about the diphthong ‘oy’. Start by explaining that the ‘oy’ sound is commonly found at the end of words. Engage the class by saying words like ‘toy’ and ‘joy’ together, emphasizing the ‘oy’ sound. Then, invite students to come up to the board to list more words that have the ‘oy’ sound. This interactive activity helps students recognize the pattern and usage of ‘oy’ in words. As an extension, discuss with students the use of ‘oy’ in spelling and when it is appropriate to use it. Encourage them to think of words during the activity and to practice spelling them at home.

Exploring the ‘ou’ Sound – The ‘ou’ sound in words – Sounds like ‘ow’ in ‘ouch’ – Examples: ‘cloud’, ‘loud’ – ‘ou’ makes the same sound in both words – Practice saying /ou/ – Repeat with me: /ou/, /ou/, /ou/ – Think of ‘ou’ words – Can you find ‘ou’ in your favorite book? | This slide is aimed at helping second-grade students recognize and pronounce the ‘ou’ sound in words. Start by explaining that the ‘ou’ sound can often be heard in words like ‘cloud’ and ‘loud’. Have the class repeat the sound /ou/ after you to practice. Then, engage the students by asking them to come up with other words that contain the ‘ou’ sound. This could be done as a class activity, with students raising their hands to contribute words they know or have discovered in their reading. Encourage them to listen for this sound in conversations and while reading at home. The goal is to build their phonemic awareness and decoding skills through recognition of diphthongs in words.

The ‘ow’ Sound in Words – ‘ow’ sounds like in ‘cow’ – It’s the same sound you make when something hurts: ‘ow!’ – Practice saying ‘ow’ together – Find words with ‘ow’ – Think of ‘cow’, ‘plow’, ‘how’, and ‘now’ – Share ‘ow’ words with the class – We’ll take turns saying our ‘ow’ words aloud | This slide introduces the ‘ow’ sound and encourages students to recognize and practice it. Start by explaining the sound and giving examples like ‘cow’ and the exclamation ‘ow!’ used when in pain. Engage the class in a group activity to practice saying ‘ow’ together. Then, prompt students to think of words that contain the ‘ow’ sound and write them down. Finally, create an interactive session where students can share the words they’ve found with their classmates. This activity will help reinforce their understanding of the ‘ow’ sound in a fun and collaborative way.

Diphthong Matching Game – Match words to diphthong sounds – Diphthongs are two vowels in one syllable, like ‘oi’ in ‘coin’ – Pair up for the matching challenge – Work with a buddy to match words like ‘toy’ (oy) or ‘cloud’ (ou) – Find many matches together – Get set for the game! | This slide introduces a class activity focused on diphthongs, which are complex vowel sounds formed by the combination of two vowels in a single syllable. The activity is designed to be collaborative, with students working in pairs to reinforce their understanding of the ‘oi’, ‘oy’, ‘ou’, and ‘ow’ sounds. Teachers should prepare a set of cards with words and corresponding diphthong sounds for the matching game. Possible activities include matching words to pictures, sorting words by their diphthong sound, or a timed challenge to find the most pairs. This interactive approach helps students recognize and pronounce diphthongs correctly, an essential skill in reading and spelling.

Create Your Own Diphthong Words – Choose a diphthong: oi, oy, ou, ow – Invent a new word using the diphthong Think of a fun, make-believe word like ‘flibberoy’! – Draw a picture of your new word Your drawing should show what a ‘flibberoy’ might look like. – Share your word and drawing with the class | This activity is designed to engage students with the concept of diphthongs in a creative and interactive way. By choosing a diphthong and inventing a new word, students practice their understanding of the sound patterns. Drawing a picture to accompany their word helps solidify the connection between phonetics and visualization. When sharing with the class, students will enhance their speaking and listening skills. For the teacher: prepare a list of diphthongs, provide examples of invented words, and have drawing materials ready. Encourage students to be imaginative and praise their efforts to foster a positive learning environment.

Class Activity: Diphthong Hunt – Let’s hunt for diphthongs in class – Find objects with oi, oy, ou, ow sounds – Look for ‘coin’, ‘toy’, ‘cloud’, ‘cow’ – Team up for the diphthong adventure – Record your finds on the hunt sheet – Use the sheet to draw or write your items | This activity is designed to make learning diphthongs interactive and fun. Students will search the classroom for items that contain the diphthong sounds oi, oy, ou, and ow. Teachers should prepare by placing relevant objects or pictures around the room. Encourage students to work in small groups to foster teamwork. Provide each group with a ‘hunt sheet’ where they can list or draw the objects they find. Possible variations of the activity could include a timed hunt, using magazines to find words with the target sounds, or even bringing items from home. After the activity, discuss the findings as a class to reinforce the sounds and spellings of the diphthongs.

Diphthong Review & Sharing Time – Reviewing our diphthongs: oi, oy, ou, ow – Remember, diphthongs are two vowels that make one sound! – Share your diphthong word discovery – Did you find ‘coin’ or ‘toy’? Share with the class! – Celebrate our diphthong exploration – Reflect on what we’ve learned – Think about how these sounds appear in different words. | This slide is meant to wrap up the lesson on diphthongs. Start by reviewing the diphthongs oi, oy, ou, and ow, and give examples for each. Then, invite students to share one word they found during the diphthong hunt activity. Praise their efforts in exploring diphthongs and encourage them to think about how these sounds are used in various words. For the activity, consider having students draw or write the words they found on the board, discuss the meaning of each word, and how the diphthong sounds in the context of the word. This will reinforce their understanding and ability to recognize diphthongs in their reading.